潜水电泵是深井提水的主要设备。运用时整个机组潜入水中作业。把地下水获取到地表，是日子用水、矿山抢险、工业冷却、农田灌溉、海水潜水泵提高、轮船调载，还可用于喷泉景象，热水潜水泵用于温泉洗浴，还可适用于从深井中获取地下水，也可用于河流、水库、水渠等提水工程。主要用于农田灌溉及高山区人畜用水，亦可供中央空调冷却、热泵机组、冷泵自吸泵机组、城市、工厂、铁路、矿山、工地排水运用。通常流量可以到达(10立方米~650立方米)每小时、扬程可到达1500米。那么，潜水电泵运用中有哪些注意事项？
1、不能接地
潜水泵采纳维护接地是国家强管道离心泵制性标准的请求。只需采纳维护接地，才干保证运用时的人身安全。假如没有维护接地，一旦外壳漏电，就构成潜水泵出水口处的水及抽水的水面带电，危及人畜安全，同时糟蹋大量电能。若将潜水泵的金属外壳与契合标准的接地体(接地电阻不大于4Ω)接地衔接，当潜水泵外壳漏电时，电流经潜水泵金属外壳、维护接地线、接地体、大地、变压器的作业接地线和电源构成一个闭合回路，当漏电流过大时，特别是前方碰壳时，就能使潜水泵的维护装置动作(熔断器熔断或空气开关跳闸)，堵截漏电潜水泵的电源。
2、不装置漏电维护器
潜水泵作业在水中，容易漏电构成电能丢失乃至引起触电事端。假如装有漏电维护器，只需潜水泵漏电值超越漏电维护器的动作电流值(通常不超越30mA)，漏电维护器就会堵截潜水泵的电源。
3、电源电压反常时开机
电压过高和过低都会使潜水泵温升过高，缩短运用寿命乃至焚毁潜水泵。乡村由于低压供电线路比较长，线路末端电压过低、始端电压过高是常有的事。因而，在运用潜水泵的过程中，操作者有必要随时调查电源电压值，若低于额外电压10%以下，高于额外电压10%以上，或电流大于潜水泵额外电流的20%时，应当即停机，并防止电源电压反常时开机。
4、电机反方向旋转
如今有很多类型的潜水泵正转和回转皆可出水，但回转时出水量小、电流大，回转时刻长了会损坏电机绕组。因而，潜水电泵入水前应先接电源查看旋转方向是不是准确。若三相潜水泵叶轮倒转，应当即停机，互换电缆中三相芯线中任意两相的接线即可。
5、长时刻超负荷作业
为防止潜水电泵长时刻超负荷作业，不要把低扬程泵用于高扬程作业，不要抽含沙量大(重泥浆)的水，并随时调查电流值是不是在规则的范围内。若发现电流过大，应停机查看。另外，潜水泵以水为冷却源，因而，潜水泵脱水运转的时刻不宜过长。
6、频频开关
潜水泵不宜过于频频发动，这是由于潜水泵停转时会发生回流，若当即开机，会使电机负载发动，致使发动电流过大。因而，停机后要等管内的存水回流结束才干再次发动，通常需求间隔5min摆布。
7、在淤泥环境中运用
潜水泵在运用时假如沉入泥中，会致使散热不良而烧坏电机绕组。因而，潜水泵必定不能在淤泥环境中运用。为防止潜水泵沉入淤泥中，应在潜水泵下水前铲除其作业环境内淤泥，有条件时还应选用栅门护罩把潜水泵罩住，以防止废弃物堵住进水栅门，致使电机发热、出水不畅。
8、停用后长时刻放在水中不论不问
潜水泵假如下井后不接连运用，时刻长了会锈蚀，致使不能发动。因而，停用的潜水泵切忌放在水中不论不问，应每周开机一次，运转5～10min。长时刻不用时，佳不长时刻浸泡在水中，应放在清水中通电运转几分钟，清洁泵表里泥浆，然后提出水面擦干，进行一次大查看，拆开一切部件进行维修、擦拭、除锈去垢，对易损件进行替换，再重新装配好，涂漆防锈后放在枯燥、无腐蚀性气体的库房内。
Submersible pump is the main equipment for deep well water lifting. During operation, the whole unit is submerged for operation. It can be used for daily water use, mine rescue, industrial cooling, farmland irrigation, sea water submersible pump improvement, ship load adjustment, fountain scene, hot water submersible pump for hot spring bathing, deep well groundwater, river flow, reservoir, canal and other water lifting projects. It is mainly used for farmland irrigation and water for human and livestock in high mountain areas. It can also be used for central air conditioning cooling, heat pump unit, cold pump self-priming pump unit, city, factory, railway, mine and site drainage. Generally, the flow can reach (10-650 cubic meters) per hour, and the lift can reach 1500 meters. So, what are the precautions in the use of submersible pump?
1. Ungrounded
The adoption of maintenance grounding for submersible pump is the request of national strong pipeline centrifugal pump system standard. Only adopt the maintenance grounding, can guarantee the personal safety when using. If there is no maintenance grounding, once the shell leaks electricity, the water at the outlet of the submersible pump and the water surface for pumping are electrified, endangering the safety of people and animals, and wasting a lot of electric energy at the same time. If the metal shell of the submersible pump is connected to the grounding body (the grounding resistance is not more than 4 Ω) that conforms to the national standard, when the shell of the submersible pump leaks, the current will form a closed circuit through the metal shell of the submersible pump, the maintenance grounding wire, the grounding body, the earth, the operation grounding wire of the transformer and the power supply. When the leakage current is too large, especially when the front touches the shell, the maintenance of the submersible pump can be made The device acts (fuse is blown or air switch is tripped), blocking the power supply of leakage submersible pump.
2. No leakage protector
When the submersible pump works in the water, it is easy to leak electricity, resulting in the loss of electric energy and even the cause of electric shock. If a leakage protector is installed, the leakage value of the submersible pump only needs to exceed the action current value of the leakage protector (usually no more than 30mA), and the leakage protector will block the power supply of the submersible pump.
3. Power on when power supply voltage is abnormal
Too high and too low voltage will make the temperature of the submersible pump rise too high, shorten the service life and even burn the submersible pump. Due to the long low-voltage power supply lines in rural areas, it is common that the terminal voltage is too low and the starting voltage is too high. Therefore, in the process of using the submersible pump, it is necessary for the operator to investigate the voltage value of the power supply at any time. If the voltage is less than 10% of the extra voltage, more than 10% of the extra voltage, or the current is more than 20% of the extra current of the submersible pump, the operator should immediately stop the machine and prevent the machine from starting when the voltage of the power supply is abnormal.
4. Reverse rotation of motor
Nowadays, there are many types of submersible pumps that can produce water in both forward rotation and rotation, but when rotating, the water output is small, the current is large, and the motor winding will be damaged if the rotation time is long. Therefore, the submersible pump should be connected to the power supply before entering the water to check whether the rotation direction is accurate. If the impeller of the three-phase submersible pump turns upside down, it shall be shut down immediately, and the wiring of any two phases in the three-phase core wire in the cable can be exchanged.
5. Long time overload operation
In order to prevent the long-term overload operation of the submersible pump, do not use the low head pump for the high head operation, do not pump the water with large sediment content (heavy mud), and investigate whether the current value is within the regular range at any time. If the current is found to be too large, stop the machine and check. In addition, the submersible pump uses water as the cooling source, so the dewatering operation time of the submersible pump should not be too long.
6. Frequency switch
The submersible pump should not be started too frequently, because there will be backflow when the submersible pump stops running. If it is started immediately, the motor will be started with load, resulting in excessive starting current. Therefore, it is necessary to wait for the return of the water in the pipe to start again after the shutdown, usually at an interval of 5min.
7. Application in silt environment
If the submersible pump sinks into the mud, it will cause poor heat dissipation and burn out the motor winding. Therefore, the submersible pump must not be used in the silt environment. In order to prevent the submersible pump from sinking into the sludge, the sludge in its working environment shall be removed before the submersible pump is launched. If possible, the gate shield shall be used to cover the submersible pump to prevent the waste from blocking the water inlet gate, resulting in the motor heating and the water flow is not smooth.
8. Put it in the water for a long time after it is stopped
If the submersible pump is not continuously used after running into the well, it will rust for a long time, resulting in failure to start. Therefore, it is forbidden to put the stopped submersible pump in the water regardless of whether it is not asked. It should be started once a week and operated for 5-10min. When it is not used for a long time, it is best to immerse it in water for a short time. Put it in clean water and power on for a few minutes, clean the mud in the pump meter, then put forward the water surface to dry, conduct a big inspection, dismantle all parts for maintenance, wiping, rust removal and scaling, replace vulnerable parts, reassemble them, and put them in dry and non corrosive gas warehouse after painting and rust prevention.
Author: Li caiyoudao plus
Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/ab75c949bc44
Source: Jianshu
The copyright belongs to the author. For commercial reprint, please contact the author for authorization. For non-commercial reprint, please indicate the source.
